弗吉尼亚联邦大学Gregory A. Buck团队，在2019年6月出版的Nature Medicine上发表了题为《阴道微生物群与早产》的文章。

在本研究中，研究组报告了一个社区资源，其中包括来自大约12,000个样本的数据组，作为整合人类微生物组项目的一部分。对来自45名早产和90名足月出生对照产妇的16S核糖体RNA，宏基因组，元转录组和细胞因子谱进行了纵向分析，确定了这一以非洲血统为主的女性队列中的早产先兆。早产妇女阴道内的crispatus乳杆菌水平明显较低，而BVAB1、Sneathia amnii、TM7-H1、一组Prevotella物种和另外9个分类群的水平均较高。研究描述了BVAB1和TM7-H1的第一个代表性基因组，早产相关分类群与阴道液中促炎细胞因子相关。这些发现强调了评估早产风险新的可能。

据悉，全球早产的发生率超过10%。各国人口中早产的频率存在显著差异，在美国的非洲裔妇女承担着不成比例的风险负担。

附：英文原文

Title: The vaginal microbiome and preterm birth

Author: Jennifer M. Fettweis, Myrna G. Serrano, J. Paul Brooks, David J. Edwards, Philippe H. Girerd, Hardik I. Parikh, Bernice Huang, Tom J. Arodz, Laahirie Edupuganti, Abigail L. Glascock, Jie Xu, Nicole R. Jimenez, Stephany C. Vivadelli, Stephen S. Fong, Nihar U. Sheth, Sophonie Jean, Vladimir Lee, Yahya A. Bokhari, Ana M. Lara, Shreni D. Mistry, Robert A. Duckworth, Steven P. Bradley, Vishal N. Koparde, X. Valentine Orenda, Sarah H. Milton, Sarah K. Rozycki, Andrey V. Matveyev, Michelle L. Wright, Snehalata V. Huzurbazar, Eugenie M. Jackson, Ekaterina Smirnova, Jonas Korlach, Yu-Chih Tsai, Molly R. Dickinson, Jamie L. Brooks, Jennifer I. Drake, Donald O. Chaffin, Amber L. Sexton, Michael G. Gravett, Craig E. Rubens, N. Romesh Wijesooriya, Karen D. Hendricks-Muoz, Kimberly K. Jefferson, Jerome F. Strauss, Gregory A. Buck

Issue&Volume: Volume 25 Issue 6，June 2019

Abstract: The incidence of preterm birth exceeds 10% worldwide. There are significant disparities in the frequency of preterm birth among populations within countries, and women of African ancestry disproportionately bear the burden of risk in the United States. In the present study, we report a community resource that includes omics data from approximately 12,000 samples as part of the integrative Human Microbiome Project. Longitudinal analyses of 16S ribosomal RNA, metagenomic, metatranscriptomic and cytokine profiles from 45 preterm and 90 term birth controls identified harbingers of preterm birth in this cohort of women predominantly of African ancestry. Women who delivered preterm exhibited significantly lower vaginal levels of Lactobacillus crispatus and higher levels of BVAB1, Sneathia amnii, TM7-H1, a group of Prevotella species and nine additional taxa. The first representative genomes of BVAB1 and TM7-H1 are described. Preterm-birth-associated taxa were correlated with proinflammatory cytokines in vaginal fluid. These findings highlight new opportunities for assessment of the risk of preterm birth.

DOI: 10.1038/s41591-019-0450-2

Source:https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-019-0450-2