近日，美国加州大学洛杉矶分校的Timothy E. O’Sullivan研究组发现，接触过小鼠巨细胞病毒的ILC1所获得的记忆响应依赖于病毒糖蛋白m12。相关论文于2019年8月发表在《自然—免疫学》杂志上。

先天淋巴细胞(ILC)是组织常驻哨兵，对于在感染初始部位保护宿主免受病原体是必需的。然而，病原体来源的抗原是否直接调节组织驻留ILC的反应仍然不清楚。研究人员发现肝脏驻留的1型ILC（ILC1）在面临小鼠巨细胞病毒（MCMV）感染时会局部扩增并持续存在。在经历MCMV感染一个月后，ILC1仍具有稳定的转录组的、表观遗传的以及表型的变化，并对第二次MCMV感染表现出增强的保护效应，这与记忆性淋巴细胞反应一致。记忆型ILC1反应依赖于MCMV编码的糖蛋白m12，而不依赖于其他感染后促炎因子的附带性活化。因此，肝脏ILC1以MCMV特异的方式获得了适应性特征。

附：英文原文

Title: Mouse cytomegalovirus-experienced ILC1s acquire a memory response dependent on the viral glycoprotein m12

Author: Orr-El Weizman, Eric Song, Nicholas M. Adams, Andrew D. Hildreth, Luke Riggan, Chirag Krishna, Oscar A. Aguilar, Christina S. Leslie, James R. Carlyle, Joseph C. Sun, Timothy E. OSullivan

Issue&Volume: Volume 20，Issue 8

Abstract: Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are tissue-resident sentinels that are essential for early host protection from pathogens at initial sites of infection. However, whether pathogen-derived antigens directly modulate the responses of tissue-resident ILCs has remained unclear. In the present study, it was found that liver-resident type 1 ILCs (ILC1s) expanded locally and persisted after the resolution of infection with mouse cytomegalovirus (MCMV). ILC1s acquired stable transcriptional, epigenetic and phenotypic changes a month after the resolution of MCMV infection, and showed an enhanced protective effector response to secondary challenge with MCMV consistent with a memory lymphocyte response. Memory ILC1 responses were dependent on the MCMV-encoded glycoprotein m12, and were independent of bystander activation by proinflammatory cytokines after heterologous infection. Thus, liver ILC1s acquire adaptive features in an MCMV-specific manner.

DOI: 10.1038/s41590-019-0430-1

Source:https://www.nature.com/articles/s41590-019-0430-1