2023年1月11日出版的《科学—进展》杂志发表了科学家的一项最新研究成果。德国慕尼黑大学Philippe Schmitt-Kopplin研究组认为，提森特火星陨石中的复杂碳质物质有助人们深入了解火星上有机地球化学的多样性。

研究组认为提森特陨石中的有机物范围包括丰富的C_3-7脂肪族支链羧酸和醛、烯烃和多芳烃，以及在同源氧化结构连续体中有或无异质原子的多环芳烃。如先前观察所示，有机镁化合物在橄榄石大晶体和熔体脉中极为丰富，反映了与硅酸镁和温度应力密切相互作用的特定有机合成过程。复杂分子中化学成分的多样性和丰度揭示了在火星地幔和地壳中生长的矿物中有机物种的异质性，这些矿物可能是随着地质时间的推移演化而来的。

据悉，提森特火星陨石和几种矿物学岩性取样的有机多样性，揭示了有机分子在功能性和丰度上的分布不均。

附：英文原文

Title: Complex carbonaceous matter in Tissint martian meteorites give insights into the diversity of organic geochemistry on Mars

Author: Philippe Schmitt-Kopplin, Marco Matzka, Alexander Ruf, Benedicte Menez, Hasnaa Chennaoui Aoudjehane, Mourad Harir, Marianna Lucio, Jasmine Hertzog, Norbert Hertkorn, Régis D. Gougeon, Victor Hoffmann, Nancy W. Hinman, Ludovic Ferrière, Ansgar Greshake, Zelimir Gabelica, László Trif, Andrew Steele

Issue&Volume: 2023-01-11

Abstract: We report a huge organic diversity in the Tissint Mars meteorite and the sampling of several mineralogical lithologies, which revealed that the organic molecules were nonuniformly distributed in functionality and abundance. The range of organics in Tissint meteorite were abundant C_3-7 aliphatic branched carboxylic acids and aldehydes, olefins, and polyaromatics with and without heteroatoms in a homologous oxidation structural continuum. Organomagnesium compounds were extremely abundant in olivine macrocrystals and in the melt veins, reflecting specific organo-synsthesis processes in close interaction with the magnesium silicates and temperature stresses, as previously observed. The diverse chemistry and abundance in complex molecules reveal heterogeneity in organic speciation within the minerals grown in the martian mantle and crust that may have evolved over geological time.

DOI: add6439

Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.add6439