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科学家绘制出肠道和口腔微生物群的人际传播图谱
作者:小柯机器人 发布时间:2023/1/28 8:37:33


2023年1月18日,《自然》杂志在线发表了意大利科学家的一项最新研究成果。来自特伦托大学的Nicola Segata等研究人员合作绘制出肠道和口腔微生物群的人际传播图谱。

利用超过9700个人类宏基因组和计算菌株水平分析,研究人员检测到个体之间广泛的细菌菌株共享(超过1000万个实例),具有不同的母婴、户内和种群内传播模式。母婴肠道微生物群传播在婴儿时期相当稳定(共享物种中约50%的相同菌株,即菌株共享率),并且在年龄较大时仍可检测到。相比之下,口腔微生物群的传播在很大程度上是水平的,并且随着同居时间的延长而增强。同居个体之间存在大量的菌株共享,肠道和口腔微生物群的中位菌株共享率分别为12%和32%,同居时间比年龄或基因更影响菌株共享。此外,细菌菌株共享比物种水平的分布更能概括宿主种群结构。最后,不同的类群在传播模式中表现为有效的传播者,并跟与体外生存能力相关的不同预测细菌表型相关。该研究团队所描述的微生物传播程度强调了它在人类微生物组研究中的相关性,特别是那些关于非传染性微生物组相关疾病的研究。

研究人员表示,人体微生物组是人体不可分割的组成部分,也是几种健康状况的共同决定因素。然而,人际关系在多大程度上塑造了微生物组的个体遗传组成及其在种群内和种群间的传播仍是未知的。

附:英文原文

Title: The person-to-person transmission landscape of the gut and oral microbiomes

Author: Valles-Colomer, Mireia, Blanco-Mguez, Aitor, Manghi, Paolo, Asnicar, Francesco, Dubois, Leonard, Golzato, Davide, Armanini, Federica, Cumbo, Fabio, Huang, Kun D., Manara, Serena, Masetti, Giulia, Pinto, Federica, Piperni, Elisa, Punoch, Michal, Ricci, Liviana, Zolfo, Moreno, Farrant, Olivia, Goncalves, Adriana, Selma-Royo, Marta, Binetti, Ana G., Becerra, Jimmy E., Han, Bei, Lusingu, John, Amuasi, John, Amoroso, Loredana, Visconti, Alessia, Steves, Claire M., Falchi, Mario, Filosi, Michele, Tett, Adrian, Last, Anna, Xu, Qian, Qin, Nan, Qin, Huanlong, May, Jrgen, Eibach, Daniel, Corrias, Maria Valeria, Ponzoni, Mirco, Pasolli, Edoardo, Spector, Tim D., Domenici, Enrico, Collado, Maria Carmen, Segata, Nicola

Issue&Volume: 2023-01-18

Abstract: The human microbiome is an integral component of the human body and a co-determinant of several health conditions1,2. However, the extent to which interpersonal relations shape the individual genetic makeup of the microbiome and its transmission within and across populations remains largely unknown3,4. Here, capitalizing on more than 9,700 human metagenomes and computational strain-level profiling, we detected extensive bacterial strain sharing across individuals (more than 10 million instances) with distinct mother-to-infant, intra-household and intra-population transmission patterns. Mother-to-infant gut microbiome transmission was considerable and stable during infancy (around 50% of the same strains among shared species (strain-sharing rate)) and remained detectable at older ages. By contrast, the transmission of the oral microbiome occurred largely horizontally and was enhanced by the duration of cohabitation. There was substantial strain sharing among cohabiting individuals, with 12% and 32% median strain-sharing rates for the gut and oral microbiomes, and time since cohabitation affected strain sharing more than age or genetics did. Bacterial strain sharing additionally recapitulated host population structures better than species-level profiles did. Finally, distinct taxa appeared as efficient spreaders across transmission modes and were associated with different predicted bacterial phenotypes linked with out-of-host survival capabilities. The extent of microorganism transmission that we describe underscores its relevance in human microbiome studies5, especially those on non-infectious, microbiome-associated diseases.

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05620-1

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-022-05620-1

期刊信息

Nature:《自然》,创刊于1869年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团,最新IF:69.504
官方网址:http://www.nature.com/
投稿链接:http://www.nature.com/authors/submit_manuscript.html

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