研究人员发现了2型先天性淋巴细胞（ILC2）在形成皮肤内性免疫二态性中的主导作用。从机理上讲，雄激素对ILC2的负调控导致男性树突状细胞聚集和活化减少，组织免疫力也随之降低。总之，这些研究结果揭示了雄激素-ILC2-树突状细胞轴在控制性免疫二态性中的作用。
此外，这项研究还提出，组织免疫设定点是由性激素和微生物群的双重作用决定的，性激素控制着局部免疫的强度，而微生物群则校准着免疫的基调。
据悉，雄性和雌性在免疫反应和疾病易感性方面存在着深刻的差异。然而，造成组织免疫性别差异的因素仍然鲜为人知。
附：英文原文
Title: Sexual dimorphism in skin immunity is mediated by an androgen-ILC2-dendritic cell axis
Author: Liang Chi, Can Liu, Inta Gribonika, Julia Gschwend, Dan Corral, Seong-Ji Han, Ai Ing Lim, Claudia A. Rivera, Verena M. Link, Alexandria C. Wells, Nicolas Bouladoux, Nicholas Collins, Djalma S. Lima-Junior, Michel Enamorado, Barbara Rehermann, Sophie Laffont, Jean-Charles Guéry, Roxane Tussiwand, Christoph Schneider, Yasmine Belkaid
Issue&Volume: 2024-04-12
Abstract: Males and females exhibit profound differences in immune responses and disease susceptibility. However, the factors responsible for sex differences in tissue immunity remain poorly understood. Here, we uncovered a dominant role for type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) in shaping sexual immune dimorphism within the skin. Mechanistically, negative regulation of ILC2s by androgens leads to a reduction in dendritic cell accumulation and activation in males, along with reduced tissue immunity. Collectively, our results reveal a role for the androgen-ILC2-dendritic cell axis in controlling sexual immune dimorphism. Moreover, this work proposes that tissue immune set points are defined by the dual action of sex hormones and the microbiota, with sex hormones controlling the strength of local immunity and microbiota calibrating its tone.
DOI: adk6200
Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adk6200