近日，山西大学的郝小雷及其研究小组与吉林大学的陈洲等人合作并取得一项新进展。经过不懈努力，他们利用飞秒整形强激光脉冲以阿秒精度控制电子运动。相关研究成果已于2024年4月22日在国际知名学术期刊《物理评论A》上发表。

该研究团队提出一种时间双缝干涉测量方案，旨在直接表征形状强飞秒激光脉冲。该方案具备高精度控制电子隧穿波包的能力，达到阿秒级别。通过操控输入飞秒脉冲在频域的谱相位，该方案成功将一个单脉冲分解为两个子脉冲，并允许研究人员灵活调整谱相位以精确控制它们的波形。当整形后的脉冲与原子相互作用时，这两个子脉冲在时域上展现出类似杨氏双缝的干涉效应。

研究人员通过分析光电子动量分布中的干涉图样，成功反演出峰值电场以及两个子脉冲之间的时间延迟。基于整形脉冲的独特性质，他们进一步证明了光电子的亚周期动力学能够在阿秒级别的精度上得到有效控制。此外，他们还通过量子轨迹蒙特卡罗模拟和三维时变薛定谔方程的数值解，证实了该方案的可行性。

附：英文原文

Title: Controlling electron motion with attosecond precision by a shaped femtosecond intense laser pulse

Author: Xiaoyun Zhao, Mingqing Liu, Yizhang Yang, Zhou Chen, Xiaolei Hao, Chuncheng Wang, Weidong Li, Jing Chen

Issue&Volume: 2024/04/22

Abstract: We propose a temporal double-slit interferometric scheme to characterize the shaped intense femtosecond laser pulse directly, which can be applied to control electron tunneling wave packets with attosecond precision. By manipulating the spectral phase of the input femtosecond pulse in the frequency domain, one single pulse is split into two subpulses and their waveforms can be controlled by adjusting the spectral phase. In the interaction between the shaped pulse and atoms, the two subpulses are analogous to Young's double slit in the time domain. The interference pattern in the photoelectron momentum distribution can be used to retrieve the peak electric field and the time delay between two subpulses. Based on the characterization of the shaped pulse, we demonstrate that the subcycle dynamics of photoelectrons can be controlled with attosecond precision. The feasibility of this scheme is confirmed through quantum-trajectory Monte Carlo simulations and numerical solutions of the three-dimensional time-dependent Schrdinger equation.

DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.109.043115

Source: https://journals.aps.org/pra/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevA.109.043115